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SECTION A [40 marks] Answer all the questions in this section. The electronic structure of an atom is...

SECTION A [40 marks]
Answer all the questions in this section.
The electronic structure of an atom is illustrated in figure 1(a) below. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i) State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom as well as its electronic configuration.
(ii) Give two differences between electrons and protons.
(iii) Determine the atomic number of the atom.
(iv) Explain why the atom can be said to be electrically neutral.
(v) What is the name and symbol of the element with the atomic structure above? [10 marks]
(b) Figure 1(b) is an illustration of two different methods of making a bar magnet. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Identify the two methods labeled X and Y above and the type of magnet produced by each.

Answer

  1. Number of protons: 6
    Number of neutrons: 6
    Number of electrons: 6
    Electronic configuration: 2, 4

  2. Differences between electrons and protons:
    1. Electrons are negatively charged, while protons are positively charged.
    2. Electrons have a much smaller mass compared to protons.

  3. Atomic number of the atom: 6

  4. Explanation for electrical neutrality: The atom is electrically neutral because it has an equal number of protons (positive charges) and electrons (negative charges), which balance each other out.

  5. Name and symbol of the element: Carbon (C)

  6. Method X: Stroking method, produces a temporary magnet.
    Method Y: Electrical method, produces a permanent magnet.

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