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In your own words explain what is meant by the terms epidemic and endemic and identify 3 endemic...

1. In your own words explain what is meant by the terms epidemic and endemic and identify 3 endemic communicable diseases in PNG
2. For the following communicable diseases identify the causative organism and the classification of the organism:
Communicable disease
Tuberculosis
HIV/AIDS
Malaria
Lymphatic filariasis
Trachoma

Answer

  1. Epidemic: An epidemic refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in a population in a specific area.

    Endemic: An endemic disease is constantly present in a particular geographic area or population.

    Three endemic communicable diseases in PNG: Malaria, Tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS.

  2. Tuberculosis:
    Name the causative organism: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    Type of microorganism: Bacteria

    HIV/AIDS:
    Name the causative organism: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
    Type of microorganism: Virus

    Malaria:
    Name the causative organism: Plasmodium species (e.g., Plasmodium falciparum)
    Type of microorganism: Protozoa

    Lymphatic filariasis:
    Name the causative organism: Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi
    Type of microorganism: Nematode (parasitic worm)

    Trachoma:
    Name the causative organism: Chlamydia trachomatis
    Type of microorganism: Bacteria

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