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Biology Asked by a SnapAndSolve user · 15 minutes ago

Explain the role of each of the following parts of the neuron: Dendrites Axon Terminal buttons 11. Identify...

10. Explain the role of each of the following parts of the neuron:
Dendrites
Axon
Terminal buttons
11. Identify the three steps of neuronal communication.
(Number each step.)
12. Describe what occurs at the axon hillock.
13. Using your own words, describe what happens after the axon hillock (if a message is strong enough) in a neuron.
*Provide at least three steps needed to move the message down to the terminal buttons.
*Use the terms: Resting Potential, Action Potential, and All-or-None
(Number your steps.)
14. Using your own words, describe the process of synaptic transmission.

Answer

10.

  1. Dendrites: Dendrites receive electrical signals from other neurons and convey this information to the cell body.
  2. Axon: The axon transmits electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body toward other neurons or muscles.
  3. Terminal buttons: Terminal buttons release neurotransmitters into the synapse, facilitating communication with other neurons.

11.

  1. Reception: Neurons receive signals through dendrites.
  2. Integration: The cell body processes incoming signals and determines if the threshold is reached.
  3. Transmission: If the threshold is reached, an action potential is generated and travels down the axon.

12. The axon hillock is where the neuron integrates incoming signals and decides whether to initiate an action potential based on the strength of the signals.

13.

  1. The neuron is at Resting Potential, maintaining a stable, negative charge inside the cell.
  2. If the signal is strong enough, the neuron reaches the threshold, triggering an Action Potential, which is an all-or-none response.
  3. The Action Potential travels down the axon to the terminal buttons, where it triggers the release of neurotransmitters.

14. Synaptic transmission involves the release of neurotransmitters from the terminal buttons into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing ion channels to open and potentially initiating a new action potential in the receiving neuron.

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