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What’s the difference between density-dependent and density-independent population factors?

4. What’s the difference between density-dependent and density-independent population factors?
5. Explain the differences between Types I, II, and III in regards to survivorship curves.
Fill in the blanks below.
6. The proportions of a population that are different age levels make up the population’s ____________________.
7. Unrestricted populations of organisms experience ____________________.
Circle the correct answer within the parentheses.
8. If a population’s death rate is (greater / lower) than its birth rate, the population will grow.
9. (Immigration / Emigration) can greatly increase the size of the population and create stresses within the population.
10. Instead of exponentially growing forever, populations level off and reach stabilization as a result of the population’s (competitive limit / carrying capacity).

Answer

  1. Density-dependent factors have stronger effects as population density increases, such as competition, disease, and parasitism. Density-independent factors affect populations regardless of density, such as droughts, freezes, and floods.

  2. Type I: Most individuals survive to old age, followed by a steep decline in survival. Type II: Individuals have a roughly constant risk of death at every age. Type III: Many individuals die young, but those surviving early life often live much longer.

  3. Age structure.

  4. Exponential growth.

  5. Lower.

  6. Immigration.

  7. Carrying capacity.

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