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Predict the molecular geometry, bond polarity, and molecular polarity for the following related molecules:...

Predict the molecular geometry, bond polarity, and molecular polarity for the following related molecules:
(1) chloromethane (CH3Cl)
(2) methylene chloride (CH2Cl2)
(3) trichloromethane (CHCl3)
(4) carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)

Answer

  1. Chloromethane (CH3Cl): The molecular geometry is tetrahedral. The C-H bonds are nonpolar, but the C-Cl bond is polar. The molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between carbon and chlorine.

  2. Methylene chloride (CH2Cl2): The molecular geometry is tetrahedral. The C-Cl bonds are polar, and the molecule is polar because the dipoles do not cancel out.

  3. Trichloromethane (CHCl3): The molecular geometry is tetrahedral. The C-Cl bonds are polar, and the molecule is polar due to the asymmetrical distribution of the chlorine atoms.

  4. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4): The molecular geometry is tetrahedral. The C-Cl bonds are polar, but the molecule is nonpolar because the dipoles cancel out symmetrically.

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