What is the vertical asymptote of h(x) = log8(x + 4) - 1?

1. What is the vertical asymptote of h(x) = log8(x + 4) - 1?
a. x = 4
b. x = -4
c. y = -1
d. x = 0
2. What is the domain of h(x) = log8(x + 4) - 1?
a. (4, ∞)
b. (-∞, ∞)
c. (-1, ∞)
d. (-4, ∞)
3. What is the x-intercept of the parent logarithmic function f(x) = log8(x)?
a. (0, 0)
b. (8, 0)
c. (1, 0)
d. (0, 1)