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Based on the reading, answer the following questions. 1. What were some of the reasons the Indian caste...

Based on the reading, answer the following questions.
1. What were some of the reasons the Indian caste system became more complex during the Gupta period?
2. How did the idea of karma affect how people felt about their social position in the caste system?
3. Why would people's belief in Karma influence their behavior in the caste system?
4. Why did other castes avoid coming into contact with the "Untouchables"?
5. Despite the problems with the caste system, how did it provide stability and a sense of purpose for people?

Answer

  1. The caste system became more complex as groups of invaders joined Indian society and were assigned castes. New occupations and religious movements also led to new castes and subcastes.

  2. Belief in karma encouraged people to accept their social position because they believed it resulted from their actions in a previous life.

  3. People believed that following caste rules and performing their duties without question could improve their position in a future life, encouraging obedience and proper behavior.

  4. Other castes considered the Untouchables ritually impure because they performed jobs viewed as unclean, such as collecting garbage and handling dead bodies. They feared that contact would make them impure too.

  5. The system provided established roles, duties, and rules that helped maintain social order. It also gave people a sense of identity and purpose, along with hope that fulfilling their duties would improve their future lives.

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