Which factors create environmental gradients on rocky shores?

1. Which factors create environmental gradients on rocky shores? (Select all that apply)
A) Tidal exposure time
B) Wave action intensity
C) Temperature variations
D) Light and oxygen levels
E) Topography shapes
Justify your answer.
2. The diagram right shows how abiotic factors change from low tide mark (LTM) to high tide mark (HTM) on a rocky shore. What pattern emerges?
A) Environmental conditions are most stable at the high tide mark
B) Exposure time, temperature variation, and salinity variation all increase from low to high tide marks
C) Only exposure time changes significantly across the shore
D) All factors decrease from low to high tide marks
Justify your answer.