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A Bus Slows Down A bus is moving at 24 m/s. The driver applies the brakes, and the bus slows to 12 m/s in 6...

6. A Bus Slows Down
A bus is moving at 24 m/s. The driver applies the brakes, and the bus slows to 12 m/s in 6 seconds. What is the bus's acceleration?
Hint: When an object slows down, its acceleration is negative if it continues moving in the same direction.
Answer:
7. A Skateboarder Slows Down
A skateboarder is moving at 10 m/s. After applying the brakes, the skateboarder's velocity decreases to 4 m/s in 3 seconds. What is the skateboarder's acceleration?
Answer:
8. An Airplane Takes Off
An airplane begins its takeoff roll from rest and reaches a velocity of 60 m/s in 12 seconds. What is the airplane's average acceleration during this time?
Answer:

Answer

6. A Bus Slows Down

The acceleration is the change in velocity divided by the time:

a = (vf − vi) / t

  • Initial velocity: vi = 24 m/s
  • Final velocity: vf = 12 m/s
  • Time: t = 6 s

a = (12 − 24) / 6 = −12 / 6 = −2 m/s2

Answer: −2 m/s2. The negative acceleration means the bus's velocity decreases by 2 m/s each second, on average.

7. A Skateboarder Slows Down

Use the acceleration formula:

a = (vf − vi) / t

  • Initial velocity: vi = 10 m/s
  • Final velocity: vf = 4 m/s
  • Time: t = 3 s

a = (4 − 10) / 3 = −6 / 3 = −2 m/s2

Answer: −2 m/s2. Taking the direction of motion as positive, the acceleration is negative because the skateboarder is slowing down.

8. An Airplane Takes Off

Average acceleration is the change in velocity divided by the elapsed time:

aavg = (vf − vi) / t

  • Initial velocity: vi = 0 m/s, because the airplane starts from rest
  • Final velocity: vf = 60 m/s
  • Time: t = 12 s

aavg = (60 − 0) / 12 = 60 / 12 = 5 m/s2

Answer: 5 m/s2. Taking the direction of motion as positive, the airplane's velocity increases by 5 m/s each second, on average.

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